Motion Mountain – The Adventure of Physics

Christoph Schiller

Book 1 of Cosmology

Language: English

38.17.00=Tectonics 39.03.00=Theoretical Geography 41.17.00=Astrophysics 41.29.00=Cosmology Cosmology action adventure adventure physics alfred wegener andromeda nebula anna wierzbicka answer argument arthur cayley arxiv orgabsgr-qc atom bce ben johnson black black hole body boseeinstein condensate case challenge change charge charge motionmountain charles peirce christoph christoph schiller cited comptes rendus concept constant copyright cosmic censorship cult culties curiosities daniel weiskopf description di erent distance doe drehimpulsund schwerpunktsatz dvipsbugw dvipsbugw motion earth ect einem thermodynamischen eld electri cation electron emmy noether energy equation ere erence erences erent erential erentiated erently exist experiment explanatory supplement fact falso quodlibet fata morgana force free free charge gamma repeater general relativity governors palace gravity hole horizon horsepower human immanuel kant interaction irwin shapiro issue konrad adenauer kosmische gammastrahlenausbrche le-hand le-handed length life light limit luca gastaldi magni cation mass matter maurice maeterlink maximum measurement momentum motion motion mountain motionmountain motionmountain net mount chimborazo mountain nature ned net net copyright nframes nition nobel prizes norbert dragon november number nuovo cimento object observation observer pablo picasso particle photon physic physical physicist physics physics free physikalische bltter planck point political personality principle property quantum quantum theory question ract raction radiation reason rede relation relativity result ridiculed schiller schiller november set shape short simple sin situation size space space time space-time speed star statement stu study sun surface term theory time trans nites universe unserer zeit usion vacuum velocity vice versa water wave wave function word work year

Published: Dec 31, 1996

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Christoph Schiller, *MOTION MOUNTAIN*, , Christoph Schiller, M, M, *e Adventure of Physics*, available free at , Editio undevicesima. Proprietas scriptoris © Christophori Schiller secundo anno Olympiadis vicesimae sextae tertio anno Olympiadis vicesimae octavae. Omnia proprietatis iura reservantur et vindicantur. Imitatio prohibita sine auctoris permissione. Non licet pecuniam expetere pro aliquo, quod partem horum verborum continet; liber pro omnibus semper gratuitus erat et manet. Nineteenth revision. Copyright © – by Christoph Schiller, between the second year of the twentieth Olympiad and the third year of the twenty-eighth Olympiad. All rights reserved. Commercial reproduction, distribution or use, in whole or in part, is not allowed without the written consent of the copyright owner. You are not allowed to charge money for anything containing any part of this text; it was and remains free to read for everybody. Die Menschen stärken, die Sachen klären. C Preface 20 A request 21 An appetizer 23 Motion Mountain – The Adventure of Physics available free at Copyright © Christoph Schiller November 1997–May 2006 1. Why should we care about motion? 2. Galilean physics – motion in everyday life 3. Global descriptions of motion – the simplicity of complexity 4. From the limitations of physics to the limits of motion 5. Maximum speed, observers at rest, and motion of light 6. Maximum force – general relativity in one statement 7. New ideas on space, time and gravity 8. Motion in general relativity – bent light and wobbling vacuum 9. Why can we see the stars? – Motion in the universe 10. Black holes – falling forever 11. Does space differ from time? 12. General relativity in ten points – a summary for the layman Liquid electricity, invisible fields and maximum speed 13 What is light? 14 Charges are discrete – the limits of classical electrodynamics 15 Electromagnetic effects and challenges 16 Classical physics in a nutshell – one and a half steps out of three 854 868 18. Minimum action – quantum theory for poets and lawyers 704 19. Light – the strange consequences of the quantum of action 717 20. Motion of matter – beyond classical physics 735 21. Colours and other interactions between light and matter 753 Are particles like gloves? 22 Rotations and statistics – visualizing spin 23 Superpositions and probabilities – quantum theory without ideology 24 Applied quantum mechanics – life, pleasure and the means to achieve them 25 Quantum electrodynamics – the origin of virtual reality 26 Quantum mechanics with gravitation – the first approach 27 The structure of the nucleus – the densest clouds 28 The strong nuclear interaction and the birth of matter 29 The weak nuclear interaction and the handedness of nature 30 The standard model of elementary particle physics – as seen on television 31 Grand unification – a simple dream 32 Does matter differ from vacuum? 998 Viscosity, wave equation, vector product, kinematic, wave function, vector space, dynamic wave function, symmetry of vector space, Euclidean, vitamin B vector space, Hermitean viscosity, wave impedance resistance, unitary wave interference, Vega void, wave re ection, Vega at the North pole Voigt effect wave vector Vela satellites volcano, giant wave, evanescent velars volcanoes wave, harmonic velocimeters Volkswagen wave, linear velocity volume wavelength velocity composition formula volume of the universe wavelet transformation voluntary motion, waves in relativity velocity is not Galilean von Neumann equation waves, circularly polarised velocity measurements vortex velocity of an electron vortex in bath tub or sink waves, deep velocity of light, one-way vortex lines waves, electromagnetic velocity of light, two-way vortex tube waves, evanescent velocity, escape vortex, black waves, long velocity, faster than light vortex, circular waves, longitudinal velocity, perfect Voyager satellites waves, shallow velocity, relative Vulcan waves, short velocity, proper Vulcanoids waves, terahertz whales wheels and propellers wheels in living beings wheels in nature whip cracking whirl hair whiskey white white colour does not last white dwarf white dwarfs whole the wholeness Bohm’s unbroken wholeness Wien displacement law constant Wien’s colour displacement ‘law’ Wien displacement constant wife Wikipedia wind wind resistance window frame windows in trains wine wine arcs wine bottle dating of Wino Wirbelrohr wise old man, WMAP wolframates women women and physics women dangers of looking aer words words heard words spoken work physical world world colour survey World Geodetic System world question center world chaos or system world-line world-wide web worm holes wound healing wristwatch time writhe writing written texts wrong wyn X bosons X-ray lasers X-rays hard X-rays so xenno xenon Xenta year number of days yellow yo-yo yocto yogh yot Yotta youth effect youth gaining ytterbium yttrium Yucatan impact Z Z boson Z boson mass Z-graded Lie algebras Zeeman effect Zener effect zenith zenith angle Zeno effect quantum zepto zero zero-body problem zero-point fluctuations, Zetta ZFC ZFC axioms zinc zino zippo zirconium ZnS ZnSb zodiac Motion Mountain – The Adventure of Physics available free at Copyright © Christoph Schiller November 1997–May 2006 Why do change and motion exist? How does a rainbow form? What is the most fantastic voyage possible? Is ‘empty space’ really empty? How can one levitate things? At what distance between two points does it become impossible to find room for a third one in between? What does ‘quantum’ mean? Which problems in physics are unsolved? Answering these and other questions on motion, the book gives an entertaining and mind-twisting introduction into modern physics – one that is surprising and challenging on every page. Starting from everyday life, the adventure provides an overview of recent results in mechanics, thermodynamics, electrodynamics, relativity, quantum theory, quantum gravity and unification. It is written for undergraduate students and for anybody interested in physics. Christoph Schiller, PhD Université Libre de Bruxelles, is a physicist with more than 20 years of experience in the presentation of physical topics. Ключевые слова: va, surface, ere, cited, nition, dy dt, e a, doe, observation, di er, v mv, raction, answer, space-time, erential, gravity, gm, ab, alfred wegener, falso quodlibet, a a, space, small, physic, d dk, general, point, earth, motionmountain net, force, maximum, november, dx d, maurice maeterlink, fata morgana, uv, quantum, measurement, eld, case, political personality, explanatory supplement, limit, physikalische bltter, general relativity, mountain, term, free charge, konrad adenauer, number, le-hand, christoph schiller, observer, cosmic censorship, dvipsbugw, universe, relativity, net, js, ct, kosmische gammastrahlenausbrche, xa xa, space time, water, governors palace, energy, motion, physicist, situation, ha, xp, vacuum, unserer zeit, norbert dragon, di erent, gamma repeater, irwin shapiro, equation, horizon, distance, luca gastaldi, u x, magni cation, dt, description, size, ect, arthur cayley, mc, black hole, work, nobel prizes, charge motionmountain, su ce, arxiv orgabsgr-qc, rst, result, principle, comptes rendus, change, qa, physics, matter, ned, star, dp dt, motion mountain, net copyright, sun, le-handed, physics free, electron, length, er, issue, reason, argument, erences, question, trans nites, erent, christoph, wa, dx dt, photon, dm dt, erence, e t, rc gm, physical, ben johnson, k ch, time, property, erently, anna wierzbicka, dvipsbugw motion, dv dt, free, large, word, zm zm, simple, exist, d dt, curiosities, hole, boseeinstein condensate, theory, rede, pablo picasso, atom, ds dt, andromeda nebula, bce, radiation, charge, erentiated, kv kv, schiller november, shape, light, ridiculed, kc g, wave function, planck, velocity, quantum theory, schiller, emmy noether, adventure physics, nature, dp d, e ba, interaction, momentum, year, charles peirce, cult, electri cation, nframes, immanuel kant, statement, wave, horsepower, copyright, ract, le, stu, short, i mi, di, ny, experiment, body, vice versa, life, sin, concept, challenge, mass, mount chimborazo, drehimpulsund schwerpunktsatz, motionmountain, relation, object, speed, fact, particle, usion, action, constant, study, daniel weiskopf, einem thermodynamischen, bz bz, human, nm nm, black, set, adventure, culties, nuovo cimento