Archaeological Theory and Scientific Practice
Book 1 of Questions of geography
Language: English
39.01.00=Questions of geography 39.03.00=Theoretical Geography 39.17.00=Military geography 39.29.00=Toponymy Questions of geography academic activity adequate characterisation age gender analysis analytical practice analytical procedure approach archaeological archaeological discourse archaeological laboratory archaeological material archaeological practice archaeological record archaeological report archaeological scientist archaeological specialist archaeological stratigraphy archaeological theorist archaeological theory archaeologist archaeology area area supervisor artefact auto barnhouse basic level biography black box black boxes boundary objects brick wall british bronze age cambridge category cattle meat central central tenet ceramic chambered tomb chane operatoire chapter close proximity commensal politics conceptual framework constructed construction consumption context cranbourne chase cultural cultural practice culturally specic culture daily basis data decorative scheme deposit depositional practice dobres double subjectivity earliest phase early phase eastern mediterranean environmental sample examine excavated excavation fact fatty acid food form framework fuel combustion gas chromatography grooved grooved ware house human human bone identity immutable entity individual individual excavator int akes int tool interpretation interpretative interpretative distance interpretative framework interpretative practice interpretative statement iron age iron bloom iron smelting issue knowledge large size level life london material material culture microstructural property millennium monster essay morphological difference nature neolithic neolithic farmstead notion number object objective observation order orkney orkney isles oxford passage graf passage grave people peripheral alcove physical physical property place point position pottery practice prehistoric europe press privileged access probabilistic law problem process production record recorded spatially relation relationship remains report result routledge routledge london sample scale science scientic instrument scientic practice scientist series set settlement simply site skara brae skourtopoulou forthcoming social social group social occasion social practice society southern england spatial homology spatial layout stone structure structuring principle study technique technological advancement technology tempering agent term theoretical theoretical framework theory thin-section petrology time twin practice two cultures unbaked urn undergone understanding university university press vessel vice versa view ware western room wider discourse wider framework
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This page intentionally left blank Archaeological Theory and Scientific Practice Andrew Jones Lecturer in the Department of Archaeology, Southampton University Preface Acknowledgements 1 The archaeology of ‘two cultures’ 2 Science as culture: creating interpretative networks 3 Archaeology observed 4 Materials science and material culture: practice, scale and narrative 5 Material culture and materials science: a biography of things 6 A biography of ceramics in Neolithic Orkney 7 Making people and things in the Neolithic: pots, food and history 8 Before and after science References Index Illustrations Tables Preface Since the contents of this book are concerned so much with issues of biography it makes sense to begin by saying something about the biography of both text and author. The subject matter—the relationship between archaeological theory and archaeological science—arose from my doctoral research between 1993 and 1997 at Glasgow University, which was supervised by Colin Richards and Richard Jones. The examination of the pottery assemblage from the Late Neolithic settlement at Barnhouse, Orkney comprised the central focus of the original thesis (see Richards forthcoming, and chapters 6 and 7 this volume). However I felt that wider and more fundamental questions lay behind my use of the techniques of materials science within a framework informed by interpretative archaeology and anthropology. It was for this reason that I began to write the first two chapters of the book in Glasgow after the completion of the thesis. At this time the subject matter was written from a personal perspective derived from attempts to balance an interest in archaeological theory with the practical application of scientific techniques. This perspective altered when I took up a teaching appointment at University College Dublin, where amongst other things I was able to observe the pragmatic application of scientific analysis alongside archaeological theory under the aegis of the Irish Stone Axe Project directed by Gabriel Cooney and Stephen Mandal. I began to see that the issues examined in the volume were more fundamental to archaeological practice, and in Dublin I completed the third chapter. I was persuaded more firmly of the subject matter of the book when I took up a post-doctoral position at the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge. In Cambridge I came into contact with a growing number of people who were attempting to utilise both archaeological theory and archaeological science. My perspective on the topic had shifted over the course of the book’s inception in Glasgow to its completion in Cambridge some two years later. No longer did it appear to derive solely from personal experience; instead, it had become a topic that was of wider concern to a growing number of archaeological scientists. 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