Description:

Industrial Waste Treatment Handbook Frank Woodard, Ph.D., P.E., President Copyright © 2001 by Butterworth–Heinemann A member of the Reed Elsevier group All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Recognizing the importance of preserving what has been written, Butterworth–Heinemann prints its books on acid-free paper whenever possible. Butterworth–Heinemann supports the efforts of American Forests and the Global ReLeaf program in its campaign for the betterment of trees, forests, and our environment. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Woodard, Frank, 1939 Industrial waste treatment handbook / Frank Woodard p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and indexes. ISBN 0-7506-7317-6 1\. Factory and trade waste—Management—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Sewage—Purification—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 3. Industries—Environmental aspects. TD897.W67 2000_ 628.4—dc21 00-044448 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data: A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. The publisher offers special discounts on bulk orders of this book. For information, please contact: Manager of Special Sales Butterworth–Heinemann 225 Wildwood Avenue Woburn, MA 01801-2041 Tel: 781-904-2500 Fax: 781-904-2620 For information on all Butterworth–Heinemann publications available, contact our World Wide Web home page at: http://www.bh.com 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America Dedication To Dr. James C. Buzzell, whose fascinating anecdotes lured me into this profession; Dr. Otis J. Sproul, by whose example I became accustomed to and enjoyed hard work and a scholarly approach to life; Dr. James E. Etzel, by whose example I developed an insatiable desire to figure out better ways to achieve treatment of industrial wastes; and my (almost) lifelong best friend, Jean McNeary Woodard, who deserves much of the credit for the existence of this book. 1 Management of Industrial Wastes: Solids, Liquids, and Gases. 1.1 Management of Industrial Wastewater. 1.2 O&M Costs. 1.3 Management of Solid Wastes from Industries. 1.4 Management of Discharges to the Air. 1.5 Bibliography. 2 Fundamentals. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Characteristics of Industrial Wastewater. 2.3 The Polar Properties of Water. 2.4 Electrical and Thermodynamic Stability. 2.5 Chemical Structure and Polarity of Water. 2.6 Hydrogen Bonding. 2.7 Polar Solvents versus Nonpolar Solvents True Solutions. 2.8 Emulsification. 2.9 Colloidal Suspensions. 2.10 Mixtures Made Stable by Chelating Agents. 2.11 Summary. 2.12 Examples. 2.13 Bibliography. 3 Laws and Regulations. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 History of Permitting and Reporting. 3.3 Requirements. 3.4 Water Pollution Control Laws. 3.5 Groundwater Pollution Control Laws. 3.6 Air Pollution Control Laws. 3.7 Bibliography. 4 Wastes from Industries. 4.1 Chemical Descaling. 4.2 Degreasing. 4.3 Rinsing. 4.4 Electroplating of Tin. 4.5 The Copper Forming Industry. 4.6 Prepared Frozen Foods. 4.7 Wastes From De-inking. 4.8 Die Casting: Aluminum, Zinc, and Magnesium. 4.9 Anodizing and Alodizing. 4.10 Production and Processing of Coke. 4.11 The Wine-Making Industry. 4.12 The Synthetic Rubber Industry. 4.13 The Soft Drink Bottling Industry. 4.14 Production and Processing of Beef, Pork, and Other Sources of Red Meat. 4.15 Rendering of By-Products from the Processing of Meat, Poultry, and Fish. 4.16 The Manufacture of Lead Acid Batteries. 4.17 Bibliography. 5 Industrial Stormwater Management. 5.1 General. 5.2 Federal Stormwater Regulations. 5.3 Prevention of Groundwater Contamination. 5.4 Stormwater Segregation, Collection, Retention, and Treatment. 5.5 Design Storm. 5.6 System Failure Protection. 5.7 Stormwater Retention. 5.8 Stormwater Treatment. 5.9 Stormwater as a Source of Process Water Makeup. 6 Wastes Characterization: The Wastes Characterization Study, Wastes Audit, and the Environmental Audit. 6.1 Wastes Characterization Study. 6.2 Wastes Audit. 6.3 Environmental Audit. Ключевые слова: pressure, carbon dioxide, emulsifying agent, plate, electric shock, protection, kurt marston, total spectrum, rate, treatment, case, binary fission, technology, anti-foam agent, idiinfilco degremont, thermal oxidizer, handbook, place, area, hydrogen bonding, air, aeration systems, oxygen, total, industrial waste, effluent, elementary segment, synthetic fiber, postcombustion chamber, filter, sludge, slaughter slaughterhouse, solid, bed, carbon monoxide, free radical, solid waste, table, control, current edition, ion, precipitating agent, biological, environmental audit, potassium permanganate, required, catalytic oxidizer, two-dimensional representation, chemical, tank, oil, optimum dos, target substances, product, device, filamentous organism, international conference, hexavalent chrome, york, management, regulatory agency, drips, activated alumina, electron, carbon black, facility, pure culture, synthetic rubber, ferric oxide, industry, molecular hydrogen, dissolved, waste, paunch manure, gas, method, program, phase, york smith, hydrogeologic investigation, american society, solution, radical, electroplating shop, treating wastewaters, courtesy, removed, pollutant, army corps, luxury uptake, adjustment, form, procedure, environmental, acid, vertical composter, hydrogen-carbon bond, instance, day, industrial, wastes, treated, quantity, protection agency, clean, organic, alfa laval, bulking agent, tubular precipitator, industrial establishment, six-carbon chain, ha, treating, regenerating chemical, ph tm, waste-to-energy wte, cost, result, discharge, metal, carbon, rendering plants, removal, processing, primary converter, substance, environmental science, leady oxide, disposal, hydrogen, parkson corporation, standard, highly corrosive, natural rubber, covalent bonding, diagrammatic representation, type, anaerobic, step, predicted, two-stage precipitator, include, food, design, wa, industrial sector, epri conference, industrial wastewaters, epa, wastewater, water, wedge-shaped bar, material, produce, electrostatic precipitator, companywide philosophy, agency, hazardous, centrifugation, source, high, volume, motor horsepower, chelating agent, cobalt chloride, wet precipitator, financial feasibility, fugitive emissions, equipment, particle, liquid, characteristic, red meat, production, waste treatment, operation, graphical representation, concentration, resource conservation, equalization basins, costs, forge shop, time, treatment handbook, catalytic converter, aeration, agent, john wiley, flat-plate precipitator, undergo self-purification, economic feasibility, temperature, ph, surface, stream, bar rack, environmental protection, wood chip, plate-wire precipitator, hydrogen peroxide, process, preliminary designs, range, plant, wastewater treatment, lyophobic sols, molecule, electric current, mol, medium, flow, acreyr, pollution, activated